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    20 July

    五种水千万不能喝

    水是人类赖以生存的、不可缺少的重要物质,人可一日无食但不可一日无水,但是并非所有的水都可以饮用,以下五种水某种程度会形成亚硝酸盐及其他有毒有害物质,会对人体产生一定的危害,因此应引起注意。

      老化水:俗称死水,也就是长时间贮存不动的水。常饮用这种水,对未成年人来说,会使细胞新陈代谢明显减慢,影响身体生长发育;中老年人则会加速衰老;许多地方食道癌、胃癌发病率日益增高,据医学家们研究,可能与长期饮用老化水有关。有关资料表明,老化水中的有毒物质也随着水贮存时间的增加而增加。


      千滚水:千滚水就是在炉上沸腾了一夜或很长时间的水,还有电热水器中反复煮沸的水。这种水因煮得过久,水中不挥发性物质,如钙、镁等重金属成分和亚硝酸盐含量很高。久饮这种水,会干扰人的胃肠功能,出现暂时腹泻、腹胀;有毒的亚硝酸盐还会造成机体缺氧,严重者会昏迷惊厥,甚至死亡。

      蒸锅水:蒸锅水就是蒸馒头等剩下的水,特别是经过多次反复使用的蒸锅水,亚硝酸盐浓度很高。常饮这种水或用这种水熬稀饭,会引起亚硝酸盐中毒;水垢经常随水进入人体,还会引起消化、神经、泌尿和造血系统病变,甚至引起早衰。


      不开的水:人们饮用的自来水都是经氯化消毒灭菌处理过的,处理过的水中可分离出13种有害物质,其中卤代烃、氯仿还具有致癌、致畸作用。当水温达到90℃时,卤化烃含量由原来的每公斤53微克上升到177微克,超过国家饮用水卫生标准的2倍。专家指出,饮用未煮沸的水,患膀胱癌、直肠癌的可能性增加21~38%。当水温达到100℃,这两种有害物质会随蒸气蒸发而大大减少,如继续沸腾3分钟,则饮用安全。


      重新煮开的水:有人习惯把热水瓶中的剩余温开水重新烧开再饮,目的是节水、节煤(气)、节时。但这种节约不足取。因为水烧了又烧,使水分再次蒸发,亚硝酸盐会升高,常喝这种水,亚硝酸盐会在体内积聚,引起中毒。

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